What does the term "bootstrapping" refer to in business?

The term "bootstrapping" in a business context refers to launching a venture without external support, which typically means that the business is started and grown using personal finances or revenue generated by the business itself. This approach emphasizes efficiency and self-sufficiency, requiring entrepreneurs to leverage their resources creatively and often involves reinvesting profits back into the business to fuel growth.

Bootstrapping allows for greater control over the business since the entrepreneur does not have to answer to external investors or partners. It also enables them to maintain equity in their company, which can be beneficial in the long run. This self-reliant strategy is particularly appealing to startups looking to keep costs low and avoid the complexities associated with securing outside funding.

The other options generally involve external funding mechanisms or support, contrasting with the self-sustaining essence of bootstrapping.